Ollech, Geschichte des Feldzuges von 1815, (Berlin, 1876), p. 125.

Lehmann, ‘Zur Geschichte des Jahres 1815’, Historische Zeitschrift, 38, (Munich, 1877).

Delbrück, ‘Einiges zum Feldzuge von 1815’, Zeitschrift für Preußische Geschichte und Landeskunde, 14, (Berlin, 1885).

Especially Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte der Schlacht bei Belle-Alliance - Wellington, (Berlin, 1903).

Lettow-Vorbeck, Napoleons Untergang 1815, (Berlin, 1904).

See his report to Friedrich Wilhelm III, the King of Prussia, as in Ollech, Geschichte, p.162, and Lehmann, Geschichte, p. 284; his letter to Major-General Dobschütz and his report to headquarters, both in Lehmann, Geschichte, p. 284; and his comments to Gneisenau in Delbrück, Feldzug, p. 660.

See his personal report of the battle in Ollech, Geschichte, p. 164; his letter, possibly to Knesebeck in Lehmann, Geschichte, p. 284 f.; his letter to Gibsone in Delbrück, Feldzug, p. 659.

Wellington’s Campaigns, Part III: 1815 Waterloo, (London, 1927).

Waterloo - A Narrative and a Criticism, (London, 1900).

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, Correspondence and Memoranda, (London, 1863), p. 496.

‘Das Tagebuch des Generals der Kavallerie Grafen von Nostitz’, Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften, Heft 6, II. Theil, (Berlin, 1885), p. 18.

Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften, p.17.

Geheimes Staatsarchiv preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin,  [GStA], Rep 92, Gneisenau, A 48 fol 32.

Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte, p. 47.

GStA, Rep 92, Gneisenau, A 48 fol 93. When this document was examined early in the 20th century, it was in an envelope bearing a British seal, marked ‘immediate’, and with three crosses, indicating that it was urgent. Although the letter itself has survived and can still be examined, It was presumably written by Müffling when in Wellington’s headquarters and carried by a British courier. As the horses used by the British despatch riders were of a higher quality than their Continental brethren, then a message carried on such a mount could be expected to arrive with greater speed than if carried by one of Müffling’s aides.

Delbrück, Feldzug, p. 659.

‘Das Tagebuch des Generals der Kavallerie Grafen von Nostitz’, Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften, Heft 6, II. Theil, (Berlin, 1885), p. 22 fn.

Lettow-Vorbeck, Untergang, p. 208.

Militair-Wochenblatt, (Berlin), 1846, 36.

Ollech, Geschichte,  p. 96.

Charras, Histoire de la Campagne de 1815 - Waterloo, (Paris, 1869), 1, p. 124 f.

Militärisches, Heft I: Januar 1896 (Leipzig), p. 252.

De Bas and T’Serclaes de Wommersom, La Campagne de 1815, (Brussels, 1908), 1, p. 375.

Gurwood, Dispatches of the Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, 12, (London, 1838), p. 473.

Müffling appears to have first heard the news when a messenger sent to him personally from Zieten arrived in Brussels at 3 p.m. [See Müffling, Aus meinem Leben, (Berlin, 1853), p. 228]. Jackson, a lieutenant on Wellington’s staff however heard the news ‘early on the 15th June’ [see his Notes and Reminiscences of a Staff Officer, (London, 1903), 12]. Scovell, one of Wellington’s staff officers, records that: ‘on the 15th., about 3 o’clock P.M. there no longer remained any doubt …’ [Public Record Office, London, WO 37/12, fol 2.] This statement indicates that the news was circulating within Wellington’s headquarters in Brussels before 3 p.m.

British Library, Add MS 34,708, fol 265.

Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague, Coll. 66, Journal of Constant Rebecque.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 480.

As Wellington started to issue orders for the concentration of his army from 6 p.m., it would seem that it was the news from Berkeley that prompted him to do so.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 481. De Bas and T’Serclaes de Wommersom, Campagne, p. 88 f.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 524.

GStA, Rep 92, Gneisenau, A 48, fol 32.

Müffling, Leben, p. 228.

Müffling, Leben, p. 229.

Journal of Constant Rebecque. Wellington may well have told the Prince of Orange that he was moving his entire army on Quatre Bras, but this was not the case. It would appear that he only ordered part of it there around 11 a.m. on 16 June 1815.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 476.

Ollech, Geschichte, p. 99 f.

Gurwood, Dispatches, 12, p. 472 f.

Müffling,  Leben, 229.

Gurwood, Dispatches, 12, p. 474.

Gurwood, Dispatches, (1847 ed.), 8, p. 142.

Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften, p. 22 fn.

Müffling, Leben, p. 229 f.

United Service Journal, (London, 1841), 2, 173. This account is largely confirmed by Webster’s own recollection of the affair as in A Memoir of Charles Mayne Young, 2nd Edition, (London & New York, 1871), p 307.

Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte, p. 47. Here, Pflugk-Harttung refers to the original letter from Müffling then deposited in the Prussian ‘Kriegsarchiv’ which is missing, presumed destroyed in the Second World War.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 471 ff.

Siborne, Waterloo Letters, (London, 1891), p. 148.

Gronow, Capt., Reminiscences and Recollections,  (London, 1889), 1, p 66.

Gurwood, Dispatches, (London, 1847), 8, p 142.

Kincaid,  Adventures in the Rifle Brigade, (Reprinted London, 1929), p 154 f.

Müffling, Leben, p. 230.

Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte, p. 293.

Müffling, Leben, p. 230 f.

Müffling, Leben, p. 233 ff.

Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte,  p. 293.

Reiche, Memoiren des Generals von Reiche, (Leipzig, 1857), 2, p. 183-184.

Clausewitz, Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich, (Berlin, 1835), p. 67.

Kriegsgeschichtliche Einzelschriften,  p. 23 f.

Damitz, Geschichte des Feldzuges von 1815, (Berlin, Posen & Bromberg, 1837), 1, p. 117-118.

Thurn und Taxis, Aus drei Feldzügen, (Leipzig, 1912), p. 322.

Reuter,  Beihefte zum Militär-Wochenblatt, (Berlin, 1890), p. 277. A commentary on this diary together with a translation into English of parts thereof can be found in the United Services Magazine, October 1891, in an article entitled ‘A Prussian Gunner’s Adventures in 1815’ by Capt. E. S. May, R.A.

His diaries and letters can be seen in the National Army Museum, London.

Gwent County Record Office, Raglan Papers, A 24-31.

As quoted in: Maxwell, The Life of Wellington, (London, 1900), 2, pp. 19-20.

Stanhope, Notes of Conversations with the Duke of Wellington, 1831 - 1851, (Oxford, 1938),  p.109.

Pflugk-Harttung, Vorgeschichte, p. 293.

Ollech, Geschichte, p 99 f.

Gurwood, Dispatches, (1852 ed), 8, p. 142. The documents on which both versions are based can be found in the Wellington Papers  (WP 8/2/4 and WP 8/2/5). The explanation for these differences is that the manuscript versions are not the originals, but copies which were ‘collected from the different officers to whom they were addressed’. See Gurwood, Dispatches, 12, p. 474 fn.

Gurwood, Dispatches, 12, p. 474.

Gurwood, Dispatches, 12, p. 474.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 472.

De Bas and T’Serclaes de Wommersom, Campagne, 1, p. 472.

Paget Papers, 644 A/21.

British Library, Add MS 34,706, fols 29-34.

De Bas and T’Serclaes de Wommersom, Campagne, 1, p. 472

Lettow-Vorbeck, Untergang, p.523.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 513 ff.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 525.

See Siborne, History of the War in Belgium and France in 1815, (1st edition London, 1844), p. 76 f: ‘It was between three and four o’clock in the afternoon of the 15th that the Duke of Wellington received information of the advance of the French Army.’

British Library, Add MS 34,708, fols 263 - 274.

See Siborne, History (third edition), p. 36: ‘His [Zieten’s] report to the Duke of Wellington arrived in Brussels at 9 o’clock in the morning …’ This is clearly in conflict with Wellington’s statements in his ‘Memorandum on the Battle of Waterloo’.

Robinson, in his ‘Waterloo, and the De Lancey Memorandum’, published in the Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, 14, January to June 1910,  p. 590 fn., mentions than when he examined the Wellington Papers, he too was unable to locate the original. It would seem that there is no record of anybody having sight of the original.

Wellington, Supplementary Despatches, 10, p. 496.

Dalton, The Waterloo Roll Call, (London, 1904), p. 19.

De Bas and T’Serclaes de Wommersom, Campagne, 3, p. 117.

De Bas, Prins Frederik der Nederlanden in zijn tijd, (Schiedam, 1903), 3, pp. 1176-1178.

National Library of Scotland, Ad MS 46.9.19, fol 111.

Ellesmere, Personal Reminiscences of the Duke of Wellington, (London, 1903), p. 186.

Ellesmere, Reminiscences, p. 191 ff.

Müffling, Leben, p. 233.

Charras, Histoire, 1, p. 184 f.

See, for instance, Gourgaud, Campagne de dix-huit cent quinze, (Paris, 1818), p. 55.

Delbrück, Feldzug, p. 660